1. Water supply direction

1. Membrane technology. Whether it is a university, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, or an enterprise, they are doing this. With the deepening of material technology, this direction is becoming more and more popular, for two reasons: first, the membrane technology is really good at removing all kinds of pollutants, and the other is that the cost is decreasing day by day, and the cost per ton of water is not much different from the coagulation sedimentation filtration and disinfection process. In today's increasingly serious environmental problems, membrane technology is likely to be the mainstream technology of the future.

2. All kinds of disinfection by-products. In particular, in recent years, non-chlorine disinfection by-products have also attracted attention, such as iodine-containing disinfection by-products, etc., which are also being done.

3. Detection of trace trace substances (same as 2).

4. Environmental hormones (same as 2, but there are more universities that carry out it, such as Harbin Institute of Technology, which are doing major things).

5. Remove arsenic and heavy metals.

6. Coagulants, especially iron and manganese coagulants, can also do advanced oxidation, Harbin Gong is doing a lot of it, in the world's leading position.

7. Advanced oxidation. Not only ozone and Fenton oxidation, but also supercritical, photocatalytic and so on.

2. Sewage direction

1. The most popular is definitely nitrogen removal technology, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, short-range nitrification and denitrification, etc. This field should belong to the Netherlands, but if it is applied to the mainstream process of low concentration room temperature, it is still a worldwide problem. Some time ago, Mike came to China to give a report. Academician Peng Yongzhen of Beijing University of Technology has been following up in China, but he has recently been doing short-range denitrification, that is, nitrate nitrogen is only denitrified to nitrous, and then nitrous nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen are neutralized to produce nitrogen. Then there are many universities and universities that do the mechanism of nitrogen removal, such as Harbin Institute of Technology, and many are studying the mechanism of monovalent nitrogen. Nitrogen is a hot spot anyway! Draw the point!

2. Phosphorus removal. There is denitrification, and there must be phosphorus removal, but the main mechanism of phosphorus removal is not as complex as nitrogen removal. Now popular research groups are doing phosphorus removal from phosphorus-rich water, or phosphine capture.

3. Granular sludge. Mainly aerobic granular sludge, anaerobic started very early, and the recent hot is aerobic granular sludge. In China, it is mainly the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is not clear which part of the mechanism is specific.

4. Carbon neutrality. With the new concept of energy conservation and emission reduction, it has been hot lately.

5. Special wastewater. Or call it industrial wastewater, such heavy metals, high-salt wastewater, papermaking, and pharmaceutical wastewater. This type of wastewater is indeed somewhat difficult.

6. Eutrophication. As long as Dianchi Lake and Chaohu Lake are not repaired for a day, this will always be a hot spot, and the Academy of Environmental Sciences has done more.

7. Environmental chemistry and environmental migration mechanism of various pollutants.

8. Microbial genetic modification. This domestic university does little work, mainly because it requires a strong biological background, domestic water treatment is either municipal or environmental engineering, basically very physical, but the biological aspect is indeed too lacking. (Of course, this is not necessarily the case in various universities and scientific research institutions, I just say the top few I know)

Finally, there are the hot spots in engineering, which everyone should be familiar with: including sponge cities, comprehensive pipe corridors, the design of large-scale water supply and sewage plants, upgrading and transformation, black and odorous river improvement, refined design and operation of water plants, energy conservation and emission reduction of water plants, water pollution emergency, pipe network models, hydraulic models, membrane biotechnology of sewage (Tsinghua Huangxia) and anaerobic technology (Harbin Gong Ren Nanqi) and so on.